RATIONALITY AND REASONING by Jonathon St. B. T. Evans, David E. Over ( 9781135472306 )

Item Details

Title:

RATIONALITY AND REASONING

By:

Format:

Electronic book text

List price:	£30.99
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ISBN 10:

1135472300

ISBN 13:

9781135472306

Publisher:

TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD

Pub. date:

13 September, 2013

Series:

Essays in Cognitive Psychology

Pages:

179

Synopsis:

This book addresses an apparent paradox in the psychology of thinking. On the one hand, human beings are a highly successful species. On the other, intelligent adults are known to exhibit numerous errors and biases in laboratory studies of reasoning and decision making. There has been much debate among both philosophers and psychologists about the implications of such studies for human rationality. The authors argue that this debate is marked by a confusion between two distinct notions: (a) personal rationality (rationality1Evans and Over argue that people have a high degree of rationality1 but only a limited capacity for rationality2. The book re-interprets the psychological literature on reasoning and decision making, showing that many normative errors, by abstract standards, reflect the operation of processes that would normally help to achieve ordinary goals. Topics discussed include relevance effects in reasoning and decision making, the influence of prior beliefs on thinking, and the argument that apparently non-logical reasoning can reflect efficient decision making. The authors also discuss the problem of deductive competence - whether people have it, and what mechanism can account for it.As the book progresses, increasing emphasis is given to the authors' dual process theory of thinking, in which a distinction between tacit and explicit cognitive systems is developed. It is argued that much of human capacity for rationality1 is invested in tacit cognitive processes, which reflect both innate mechanisms and biologically constrained learning. However, the authors go on to argue that human beings also possess an explicit thinking system, which underlies their unique - if limited - capacity to be rational.

Publication:

Imprint:

Psychology Press Ltd

Returns:

Non-returnable

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EVOLUTION AND THE PSYCHOLOGY OF THINKING