A DISCOURSE, INTENDED TO COMMEMORATE THE DISCOVERY OF AMERICA

AMERIKAN LOYTORETKEN PAIVAKIRJA

AN ATTEMPT TO SOLVE THE PROBLEM OF THE FIRST LANDING PLACE OF COLUMBUS IN THE NEW WORLD

AN ATTEMPT TO SOLVE THE PROBLEM OF THE FIRST LANDING PLACE OF COLUMBUS IN THE NEW WORLD

AN ATTEMPT TO SOLVE THE PROBLEM OF THE FIRST LANDING PLACE OF COLUMBUS IN THE NEW WORLD

AN ATTEMPT TO SOLVE THE PROBLEM OF THE FIRST LANDING PLACE OF COLUMBUS IN THE NEW WORLD (HB)

AN ATTEMPT TO SOLVE THE PROBLEM OF THE FIRST LANDING PLACE OF COLUMBUS IN THE NEW WORLD (HB)

AN ATTEMPT TO SOLVE THE PROBLEM OF THE FIRST LANDING PLACE OF COLUMBUS IN THE NEW WORLD (HB)

CARTA DE CRISTOBAL COLON

CARTA DE CRISTOBAL COLON

CARTA DE CRISTOBAL COLON

CHRISTOPHE COLOMB

CHRISTOPHE COLOMB

CHRISTOPHE COLOMB

CHRISTOPHE COLOMB

CODICE DIPLOMATICO COLOMBO-AMERICAN (1823) (PB)

CODICE DIPLOMATICO COLOMBO-AMERICANO

CODICE DIPLOMATICO COLOMBO-AMERICANO - PRIMARY SOURCE EDITION

CODICE DIPLOMATICO-AMERICANO DE CRISTOBAL COLON

CODICE DIPLOMATICO-AMERICANO DE CRISTOBAL COLON

CODICE DIPLOMATICO-AMERICANO DE CRISTOBAL COLON

CODICE DIPLOMATICO-AMERICANO DE CRISTOBAL COLON; COLECCION DE CARTAS, DE PRIVILEGIOS, CEDULAS Y OTRAS ESCRITURAS DEL GRAN DESCUBRIDOR DEL NUEVO MUNDO, ALMIRANTE MAYOR DEL MAR OCEANO, VIREY Y GOBERNADOR DE LAS ISLAS Y TIERRA FIRME DE LAS

DE INSULIS INUENTIS

DE INSULIS INUENTIS

DE INSULIS INUENTIS CLASSIC REPRINT (PB)

DE INSULIS INUENTIS (HB)

DE INSULIS INUENTIS EPISTOLA CRISTOFERI COLOM (CUI ETAS NOSTRA MULTU DEBET

DE INSULIS INUENTIS EPISTOLA CRISTOFERI COLOM (CUI ETAS NOSTRA MULTU DEBET (HB)

DER DEUTSCHE KOLUMBUS-BRIEF VON KONRAD HABLER.

DER DEUTSCHE KOLUMBUS-BRIEF VON KONRAD HABLER.

FIRST VOYAGE TO AMERICA (PB)

GEOGRAPHISCHE UND NATURWISSENSCHAFTLICHE ABHANDLUNGEN. I. ZUR VIERHUNDERTJ HRIGEN FEIER DER ENTDECKUNG AMERIKAS

GESCHICHTE DER SCHIFFFAHRT

JOURNAL OF CHRISTOPHER COLUMBUS (DURING HIS FIRST VOYAGE, 1492-93)

JOURNAL OF CHRISTOPHER COLUMBUS (DURING HIS FIRST VOYAGE, 1492-93) (PB)

LA PREMIERE RELATION DE CHRISTOPHE COLOMB (1493)

LA PREMIERE RELATION DE CHRISTOPHE COLOMB (1493)

LA PREMIERE RELATION DE CHRISTOPHE COLOMB (1493)

LA PREMIERE RELATION DE CHRISTOPHE COLOMB (1493) (HB)

LETTER OF CHRISTOPHER COLUMBUS

LETTER OF CHRISTOPHER COLUMBUS

LETTER OF CHRISTOPHER COLUMBUS (HB)

LETTER OF CHRISTOPHER COLUMBUS (PB)

LETTER OF CHRISTOPHER COLUMBUS TO RAFAEL SANCHEZ

LETTER OF CHRISTOPHER COLUMBUS TO RAFAEL SANCHEZ, WRITTEN ON BOARD THE CARAVEL WHILE RETURNING FROM HIS FIRST VOYAGE

LETTER OF CHRISTOPHER COLUMBUS TO RAFAEL SANCHEZ, WRITTEN ON BOARD THE CARAVEL WHILE RETURNING FROM HIS FIRST VOYAGE

LETTER OF CHRISTOPHER COLUMBUS TO RAFAEL SANCHEZ, WRITTEN ON BOARD THE CARAVEL WHILE RETURNING FROM HIS FIRST VOYAGE

LETTER OF CHRISTOPHER COLUMBUS TO RAFAEL SANCHEZ, WRITTEN ON BOARD THE CARAVEL WHILE RETURNING FROM HIS FIRST VOYAGE

LETTER OF CHRISTOPHER COLUMBUS TO RAFAEL SANCHEZ, WRITTEN ON BOARD THE CARAVEL WHILE RETURNING FROM HIS FIRST VOYAGE (HB)

LETTER OF CHRISTOPHER COLUMBUS TO RAFAEL SANCHEZ, WRITTEN ON BOARD THE CARAVEL WHILE RETURNING FROM HIS FIRST VOYAGE (HB)

LETTER OF CHRISTOPHER COLUMBUS TO RAFAEL SANCHEZ, WRITTEN ON BOARD THE CARAVEL WHILE RETURNING FROM HIS FIRST VOYAGE (HB)

LETTER OF CHRISTOPHER COLUMBUS TO RAFAEL SANCHEZ, WRITTEN ON BOARD THE CARAVEL WHILE RETURNING FROM HIS FIRST VOYAGE (PB)

LETTER OF CHRISTOPHER COLUMBUS, WITH TRA (PB)

LETTER OF COLOMBUS ON THE DISCOVERY OF AMERICA

LETTER OF COLOMBUS ON THE DISCOVERY OF AMERICA

LETTER OF COLOMBUS ON THE DISCOVERY OF AMERICA (HB)

LETTERA IN LINGUA SPAGNUOLA DIRETTA DA CRISTOFORO COLOMBO A LUIS DE SANTANGEL (15 FEBBRAJO 14 MARZO 1493)

LETTERA IN LINGUA SPAGNUOLA DIRETTA DA CRISTOFORO COLOMBO A LUIS DE SANTANGEL (15 FEBBRAJO 14 MARZO 1493)

LETTERA IN LINGUA SPAGNUOLA DIRETTA DA CRISTOFORO COLOMBO A LUIS DE SANTANGEL (15 FEBBRAJO 14 MARZO 1493) (HB)

LETTERA IN LINGUA SPAGNUOLA DIRETTA DA CRISTOFORO COLOMBO A LUIS DE SANTANGEL, 15 FEBBRAJO 14 MARZO 1493, RIPRODOTTA A FAC-SIMILE ED ILLUSTRATA PER CURA DI GEROLAMO D'ADDA, ETC. L.P.

LETTERA RARISSIMA DI CRISTOFORO COLOMBO

LETTERA RARISSIMA DI CRISTOFORO COLOMBO

LETTERA RARISSIMA DI CRISTOFORO COLOMBO

LETTERA RARISSIMA DI CRISTOFORO COLOMBO

LETTERA RARISSIMA DI CRISTOFORO COLOMBO (PB)

LETTERA RARISSIMA DI CRISTOFORO COLOMBO (HB)

LETTERA RARISSIMA DI CRISTOFORO COLOMBO, RIPRODOTTA E ILLUSTRATA DAL CAVALIERE AB. MORELLI

LETTERE AUTOGRAFE DI CRISTOFORO COLOMBO

LETTERE AUTOGRAFE DI CRISTOFORO COLOMBO (HB)

LETTERE AUTOGRAFE DI CRISTOFORO COLOMBO NUOVAMENTE STAMPATE

LETTERE AUTOGRAFE DI CRISTOFORO COLOMBO NUOVAMENTE STAMPATE

LETTERE AUTOGRAFE DI CRISTOFORO COLOMBO NUOVAMENTE STAMPATE

LETTERE AUTOGRAFE DI CRISTOFORO COLOMBO NUOVAMENTE STAMPATE

LETTERE AUTOGRAFE DI CRISTOFORO COLOMBO NUOVAMENTE STAMPATE

LETTERE AUTOGRAFE DI CRISTOFORO COLOMBO NUOVAMENTE STAMPATE (CLASSIC REPRINT)

LETTERE AUTOGRAFE DI CRISTOFORO COLOMBO NUOVAMENTE STAMPATE (HB)

LETTERE DI CRISTOFORO COLOMBO

LETTERE DI CRISTOFORO COLOMBO; AUTOGRAFI CONSERVATI NEL PALAZZO MUNICIPALE DI GENOVA

LETTERE DI CRISTOFORO COLOMBO; AUTOGRAFI CONSERVATI NEL PALAZZO MUNICIPALE DI GENOVA

LETTERE DI CRISTOFORO COLOMBO; AUTOGRAFI CONSERVATI NEL PALAZZO MUNICIPALE DI GENOVA (HB)

LETTERS OF AMERIGO VESPUCCI AND OTHER DOCUMENTS ILLUSTRATIVE OF HIS CAREER

LETTERS OF AMERIGO VESPUCCI AND OTHER DOCUMENTS ILLUSTRATIVE OF HIS CAREER

LETTERS OF AMERIGO VESPUCCI AND OTHER DOCUMENTS ILLUSTRATIVE OF HIS CAREER (HB)

LETTERS OF AMERIGO VESPUCCI AND OTHER DOCUMENTS ILLUSTRATIVE OF HIS CAREER (HB)

LETTERS OF AMERIGO VESPUCCI AND OTHER DOCUMENTS ILLUSTRATIVE OF HIS CAREER (HB)

LETTERS OF AMERIGO VESPUCCI AND OTHER DOCUMENTS ILLUSTRATIVE OF HIS CAREER (PB)

LETTRE DE CHRISTOPHE COLOMB SUR LA DECOUVERTE DU NOUVEAU-MONDE

LETTRE DE CHRISTOPHE COLOMB SUR LA DECOUVERTE DU NOUVEAU-MONDE

LETTRE DE CHRISTOPHE COLOMB SUR LA DECOUVERTE DU NOUVEAU-MONDE

LETTRE DE CHRISTOPHE COLOMB SUR LA DECOUVERTE DU NOUVEAU-MONDE (HB)

LIFE OF CHRISTOPHER COLUMBUS A DISCOVER THE TRUE STORY OF THE GREAT VOYAGE & ALL THE ADVENTURES OF THE INFAMOUS EXPLORER

MEMORIALS OF COLUMBUS

MEMORIALS OF COLUMBUS

MEMORIALS OF COLUMBUS (HB)

MEMORIALS OF COLUMBUS (HB)

MEMORIALS OF COLUMBUS (HB)

MEMORIALS OF COLUMBUS (PB)

MEMORIALS OF COLUMBUS OR, A COLLECTION OF AUTHENTIC DOCUMENTS OF THAT CELEBRATED NAVIGATOR

MEMORIALS OF COLUMBUS, OR, A COLLECTION OF AUTHENTIC DOCUMENTS OF THAT CELEBRATED NAVIGATOR.

MEMORIALS OF COLUMBUS, READ TO THE MARYLAND HISTORICAL SOCIETY

MEMORIALS OF COLUMBUS, READ TO THE MARYLAND HISTORICAL SOCIETY

MEMORIALS OF COLUMBUS, READ TO THE MARYLAND HISTORICAL SOCIETY (HB)

MEMORIALS OF COLUMBUS, READ TO THE MARYLAND HISTORICAL SOCIETY (HB)

MEMORIALS OF COLUMBUS; OR, A COLLECTION OF AUTHENTIC DOCUMENTS OF THAT CELEBRATED NAVIGATOR

MEMORIALS OF COLUMBUS; OR, A COLLECTION OF AUTHENTIC DOCUMENTS OF THAT CELEBRATED NAVIGATOR

MEMORIALS OF COLUMBUS; OR, A COLLECTION OF AUTHENTIC DOCUMENTS OF THAT CELEBRATED NAVIGATOR

MEMORIALS OF COLUMBUS; OR, A COLLECTION OF AUTHENTIC DOCUMENTS OF THAT CELEBRATED NAVIGATOR

MEMORIALS OF COLUMBUS; OR, A COLLECTION OF AUTHENTIC DOCUMENTS OF THAT CELEBRATED NAVIGATOR (HB)

MEMORIALS OF COLUMBUS; OR, A COLLECTION OF AUTHENTIC DOCUMENTS OF THAT CELEBRATED NAVIGATOR (HB)

PERSONAL NARRATIVE OF THE FIRST VOYAGE O (PB)

PERSONAL NARRATIVE OF THE FIRST VOYAGE O (PB)

PERSONAL NARRATIVE OF THE FIRST VOYAGE OF COLUMBUS TO AMERICA

PERSONAL NARRATIVE OF THE FIRST VOYAGE OF COLUMBUS TO AMERICA

PERSONAL NARRATIVE OF THE FIRST VOYAGE OF COLUMBUS TO AMERICA

PERSONAL NARRATIVE OF THE FIRST VOYAGE OF COLUMBUS TO AMERICA

PERSONAL NARRATIVE OF THE FIRST VOYAGE OF COLUMBUS TO AMERICA

PERSONAL NARRATIVE OF THE FIRST VOYAGE OF COLUMBUS TO AMERICA

PERSONAL NARRATIVE OF THE FIRST VOYAGE OF COLUMBUS TO AMERICA

PERSONAL NARRATIVE OF THE FIRST VOYAGE OF COLUMBUS TO AMERICA

PERSONAL NARRATIVE OF THE FIRST VOYAGE OF COLUMBUS TO AMERICA

PERSONAL NARRATIVE OF THE FIRST VOYAGE OF COLUMBUS TO AMERICA (HB)

PERSONAL NARRATIVE OF THE FIRST VOYAGE OF COLUMBUS TO AMERICA (HB)

PERSONAL NARRATIVE OF THE FIRST VOYAGE OF COLUMBUS TO AMERICA (HB)

PERSONAL NARRATIVE OF THE FIRST VOYAGE OF COLUMBUS TO AMERICA (HB)

PERSONAL NARRATIVE OF THE FIRST VOYAGE OF COLUMBUS TO AMERICA (HB)

PERSONAL NARRATIVE OF THE FIRST VOYAGE OF COLUMBUS TO AMERICA (HB)

PERSONAL NARRATIVE OF THE FIRST VOYAGE OF COLUMBUS TO AMERICA (PB)

PERSONAL NARRATIVE OF THE FIRST VOYAGE OF COLUMBUS TO AMERICA. FROM A MANUSCRIPT RECENTLY DISCOVERED IN SPAIN. TRANSLATED FROM THE SPANISH [BY SAMUEL KETTELL].

PERSONAL NARRATIVE OF THE FIRST VOYAGE OF COLUMBUS TO AMERICA; FROM A MANUSCRIPT RECENTLY DISCOVERED IN SPAIN

PERSONAL NARRATIVE OF THE FIRST VOYAGE OF COLUMBUS TO AMERICA; FROM A MANUSCRIPT RECENTLY DISCOVERED IN SPAIN

PRIMERA EPISTOLA DEL ALMIRANTE DON CRISTOBAL COLON

PRIMERA EPISTOLA DEL ALMIRANTE DON CRISTOBAL COLON DANDO CUENTA DE SU GRAN DESCUBRIMIENTO A D. GABRIEL SANCHEZ, TESORERO DE ARAGON

PRIMERA EPISTOLA DEL ALMIRANTE DON CRISTOBAL COLON DANDO CUENTA DE SU GRAN DESCUBRIMIENTO A D. GABRIEL SANCHEZ, TESORERO DE ARAGON - PRIMARY SOURCE ED

RELACIONES Y CARTAS DE CRISTOBAL COLON

RELACIONES Y CARTAS DE CRISTOBAL COLON

RELACIONES Y CARTAS DE CRISTOBAL COLON

RELACIONES Y CARTAS DE CRISTOBAL COLON...

RELATIONS DES QUATRE VOYAGES ENTREPRIS PAR C. COLOMB POUR LA DE COUVERTE DU NOUVEAU-MONDE DE 1492 A 1504; SUIVIES DE DIVERSES LETTRES ET PIE CES INE DITES OUVRAGE TRADUIT DE L'ESPAGNOL PAR MM. F. T. A. CHALUMEAU DE VERNEUIL ET DE LA ROQUETTE.

RELATIONS DES QUATRE VOYAGES ENTREPRIS PAR CHRISTOPHE COLOMB

RELATIONS DES QUATRE VOYAGES ENTREPRIS PAR CHRISTOPHE COLOMB

RELATIONS DES QUATRE VOYAGES ENTREPRIS PAR CHRISTOPHE COLOMB

RELATIONS DES QUATRE VOYAGES ENTREPRIS PAR CHRISTOPHE COLOMB

RELATIONS DES QUATRE VOYAGES ENTREPRIS PAR CHRISTOPHE COLOMB

SELECT LETTERS OF CHRISTOPHER COLUMBUS

SELECT LETTERS OF CHRISTOPHER COLUMBUS

SELECT LETTERS OF CHRISTOPHER COLUMBUS

SELECT LETTERS OF CHRISTOPHER COLUMBUS

SELECT LETTERS OF CHRISTOPHER COLUMBUS

SELECT LETTERS OF CHRISTOPHER COLUMBUS

SELECT LETTERS OF CHRISTOPHER COLUMBUS

SELECT LETTERS OF CHRISTOPHER COLUMBUS

SELECT LETTERS OF CHRISTOPHER COLUMBUS

SELECT LETTERS OF CHRISTOPHER COLUMBUS

SELECT LETTERS OF CHRISTOPHER COLUMBUS

SELECT LETTERS OF CHRISTOPHER COLUMBUS (43); WITH OTHER ORIGINAL DOCUMENTS, RELATING TO HIS FOUR VOYAGES TO THE NEW WORLD

SELECT LETTERS OF CHRISTOPHER COLUMBUS (HB)

SELECT LETTERS OF CHRISTOPHER COLUMBUS (HB)

SELECT LETTERS OF CHRISTOPHER COLUMBUS (HB)

SELECT LETTERS OF CHRISTOPHER COLUMBUS (HB)

SELECT LETTERS OF CHRISTOPHER COLUMBUS (PB)

SELECT LETTERS OF CHRISTOPHER COLUMBUS (PB)

SELECT LETTERS OF CHRISTOPHER COLUMBUS : (PB)

SELECT LETTERS OF CHRISTOPHER COLUMBUS W (HB)

SELECT LETTERS OF CHRISTOPHER COLUMBUS WITH OTHER ORIGINAL DOCUMENTS RELATING TO HIS FOUR VOYAGES TO THE NEW WORLD (PB)

SELECT LETTERS OF CHRISTOPHER COLUMBUS, (HB)

SELECT LETTERS OF CHRISTOPHER COLUMBUS, (PB)

SELECT LETTERS OF CHRISTOPHER COLUMBUS, (PB)

SELECT LETTERS OF CHRISTOPHER COLUMBUS, WITH OTHER ORIGINAL DOCUMENTS RELATING TO HIS FOUR VOYAGES TO THE NEW WORLD, TR. AND ED. BY R.H. MAJOR

SELECT LETTERS OF CHRISTOPHER COLUMBUS, WITH OTHER ORIGINAL DOCUMENTS RELATING TO HIS FOUR VOYAGES TO THE NEW WORLD, TR. AND ED. BY R.H. MAJOR

SELECT LETTERS OF CHRISTOPHER COLUMBUS, WITH OTHER ORIGINAL DOCUMENTS, RELATING TO HIS FOUR VOYAGES TO THE NEW WORLD

SELECT LETTERS OF CHRISTOPHER COLUMBUS, WITH OTHER ORIGINAL DOCUMENTS, RELATING TO HIS FOUR VOYAGES TO THE NEW WORLD

SELECT LETTERS OF CHRISTOPHER COLUMBUS, WITH OTHER ORIGINAL DOCUMENTS, RELATING TO HIS FOUR VOYAGES TO THE NEW WORLD

SELECT LETTERS OF CHRISTOPHER COLUMBUS, WITH OTHER ORIGINAL DOCUMENTS, RELATING TO HIS FOUR VOYAGES TO THE NEW WORLD

SELECT LETTERS OF CHRISTOPHER COLUMBUS, WITH OTHER ORIGINAL DOCUMENTS, RELATING TO HIS FOUR VOYAGES TO THE NEW WORLD

SELECT LETTERS OF CHRISTOPHER COLUMBUS, WITH OTHER ORIGINAL DOCUMENTS, RELATING TO THE FOUR VOYAGE..

SELECT LETTERS OF CHRISTOPHER COLUMBUS, WITH OTHER ORIGINAL DOCUMENTS, RELATING TO THE FOUR VOYAGE.. (HB)

SELECT LETTERS OF CHRISTOPHER COLUMBUS: (PB)

SELECT LETTERS OF CHRISTOPHER COLUMBUS; WITH OTHER ORIGINAL DOCUMENTS, RELATING TO HIS FOUR VOYAGES TO THE NEW WORLD

SELECT LETTERS OF CHRISTOPHER COLUMBUS; WITH OTHER ORIGINAL DOCUMENTS, RELATING TO HIS FOUR VOYAGES TO THE NEW WORLD (2)

SELECT LETTERS OF CHRISTOPHER COLUMBUS; WITH OTHER ORIGINAL DOCUMENTS, RELATING TO HIS FOUR VOYAGES TO THE NEW WORLD VOLUME 2

SPANISH LETTER OF COLUMBUS TO LUIS DE SANT' ANGEL

THE AUTHENTIC LETTERS OF COLUMBUS

THE AUTHENTIC LETTERS OF COLUMBUS

THE AUTHENTIC LETTERS OF COLUMBUS VOLUME 1, NO. 2

THE AUTHENTIC LETTERS OF COLUMBUS, VOLUME 1, ISSUE 2 (HB)

THE AUTHENTIC LETTERS OF COLUMBUS, VOLUME 1, ISSUE 2 (PB)

THE AUTHENTIC LETTERS OF COLUMBUS, VOLUME 1, ISSUE 2...

THE COLUMBUS LETTERS. SOUVENIR OF THE MONASTERY OF LA RABIDA, WORLD'S FAIR GROUNDS, CHICAGO

THE COLUMBUS LETTERS. SOUVENIR OF THE MONASTERY OF LA RABIDA, WORLD'S FAIR GROUNDS, CHICAGO

THE COLUMBUS LETTERS. SOUVENIR OF THE MONASTERY OF LA RABIDA, WORLD'S FAIR GROUNDS, CHICAGO (HB)

THE COLUMBUS LETTERS. SOUVENIR OF THE MONASTERY OF LA RABIDA, WORLD'S FAIR GROUNDS, CHICAGO (HB)

THE COLUMBUS MEMORIAL

THE COLUMBUS MEMORIAL (HB)

THE COLUMBUS MEMORIAL (PB)

THE COLUMBUS MEMORIAL; CONTAINING THE FIRST LETTER OF COLUMBUS DESCRIPTIVE OF HIS VOYAGE TO THE NEW WORLD, THE LATIN LETTER TO HIS ROYAL PATRONS, AND

THE FIRST LETTER OF CHRISTOPHER COLUMBUS (PB)

THE FIRST LETTER OF CHRISTOPHER COLUMBUS TO THE NOBLE LORD RAPHAEL SANCHEZ ANNOUNCING THE DISCOVERY OF AMERICA

THE FIRST LETTER OF CHRISTOPHER COLUMBUS TO THE NOBLE LORD RAPHAEL SANCHEZ ANNOUNCING THE DISCOVERY OF AMERICA; REPRODUCED IN FAC-SIMILE FROM THE COPY OF THE LATIN VERSION OF 1493 NOW IN THE BOSTON PUBLIC LIBRARY; WITH A NEW TRANSLATION

THE FIRST LETTER OF CHRISTOPHER COLUMBUS TO THE NOBLE LORD RAPHAEL SANCHEZ ANNOUNCING THE DISCOVERY OF AMERICA; REPRODUCED IN FAC-SIMILE FROM THE COPY OF THE LATIN VERSION OF 1493 NOW IN THE BOSTON PUBLIC LIBRARY; WITH A NEW TRANSLATION

THE FIRST LETTER OF CHRISTOPHER COLUMBUS TO THE NOBLE LORD RAPHAEL SANCHEZ ANNOUNCING THE DISCOVERY OF AMERICA; REPRODUCED IN FAC-SIMILE FROM THE COPY OF THE LATIN VERSION OF 1493 NOW IN THE BOSTON PUBLIC LIBRARY; WITH A NEW TRANSLATION (HB)